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[目的]观察外源性甲状腺素对胎儿酒精效果对大鼠大脑和小脑发育中脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的影响.[方法]选择SD孕鼠,分为酒精组、正常对照组、酒精+T4组.于分娩6h后与其子分开,麻醉后心脏采血,测定血中酒精和甲状腺素水平.3个组新生子鼠分别于生后0,7,14,21,28d(P0,P7,P14,P21,P28)时麻醉处死,采用免疫组织化学染色法观察在大脑皮质中BDNF-阳性神经细胞和小脑皮层中BDNF-阳性浦肯野细胞的分布及形态,另部分小脑组织采用免疫电子显微镜方法观察P14时BDNF-阳性浦肯野细胞的微细结构.[结果]酒精组、酒精+T4组母鼠血液中酒精水平明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05);酒精+T4组母鼠血液中甲状腺素含量高于酒精组(P<0.05).P7时酒精+T4组在大脑皮质中BDNF-阳性神经细胞的形态和分布类似于正常对照组,即可观察到长而明显突起的成熟的BDNF-阳性神经细胞,但酒精组中始终未出现.酒精+T4组子鼠P14时出现分布及形态与正常对照组类似的基本单层排列的成熟的BDNF-阳性的浦肯野细胞,但酒精组子鼠始终未出现.P28时酒精组子鼠小脑中BDNF-阳性的浦肯野细胞数较正常对照组和酒精+T4组比较有明显减少,P14时酒精组中仅能观察到不完整的细胞器,酒精+T4组中BDNF-阳性的浦肯野细胞的形态与正常对照组类似,能观察到由平行的颗粒粗面内质网组成的尼斯尔氏体及细胞核周围分布的高尔基体等完整的细胞器.[结论]给予孕期滥用酒精的母鼠外源性甲状腺素能促进其后代大脑皮质和小脑皮层中BDNF的合成,改善胎儿酒精效果所导致的脑发育障碍.
[Objective] To observe the effects of exogenous thyroid hormone on fetal brain and cerebrum development brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in fetal alcohol effect. [Methods] SD pregnant rats were divided into alcohol group, normal control group, Alcohol + T4 group.After 6 hours of delivery, the rats were separated from their son, blood was collected from the heart after anesthesia, and the levels of alcohol and thyroxine in the blood were measured.The neonatal rats in 3 groups were sacrificed at 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after birth , P14, P21, P28) were anesthetized and sacrificed. The distribution and morphology of BDNF-positive Purkinje cells in BDNF-positive neurons and cerebellar cortex in the cerebral cortex were observed by immunohistochemical staining. The other part of cerebellar tissues were immunoelectrons The micro-structure of BDNF-positive Purkinje cells at P14 was observed by microscopy. [Result] The alcohol level in the alcohol group and alcohol + T4 group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P <0.05) The level of thyroxine in the blood was higher than that in the alcohol group (P <0.05). The morphology and distribution of BDNF-positive neurons in the cerebral cortex of the P7 alcohol + T4 group were similar to those of the normal control group, Of BDNF-positive neurons, but alcohol group did not appear + T4 group of mice at P14 appear distribution and morphology similar to the normal control group of basic monolayers of mature BDNF-positive Purkinje cells, but the alcohol group mice never appear.P28 when alcohol group rat cerebellum The number of BDNF-positive Purkinje cells was significantly decreased compared with the normal control group and the alcohol + T4 group. Only incomplete organelles were observed in the alcohol group at P14, and BDNF-positive Purkinje cells Similar to the normal control group, can be seen by the parallel coarse grain endoplasmic reticulum Nissei body and around the nucleus distribution of Golgi and other intact organelles. [Conclusion] Abuse of alcohol during pregnancy of female rats exogenous Thyroxine promotes the synthesis of BDNF in the cortex and cerebellar cortex of its offspring, and improves the impairment of brain development caused by fetal alcohol effects.