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目的探讨儿童呼吸道感染后机体免疫功能指标的变化。方法 2010年9月—2011年1月武汉大学人民医院儿科呼吸道感染患儿,按临床诊断的不同分为两组:上呼吸道感染组和下呼吸道感染组,分别检测血清中免疫球蛋白(IgG、IgA、IgM)、补体水平(C3、C4)和血液中细胞免疫(全血T细胞的亚群分类标记CD3、CD4、CD8的百分比以及CD4/CD8比值)。结果上呼吸道感染组和下呼吸道感染组的血清免疫球蛋白、补体水平的检测平均值都在正常参考范围内,上呼吸道感染组补体C3的结果[(31.04±0.29)g/L]明显高于下呼吸道感染组[(0.99±0.23)g/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);细胞免疫的各项指标T细胞的亚群分类标记CD3、CD4、CD8的百分比以及CD4/CD8比值的平均值都在正常参考值范围内,上呼吸道感染组CD3的百分比平均值[(64.05±9.99)%]明显高于下呼吸道感染组[(62.26±15.94)%],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上呼吸道感染患儿的补体C3水平和细胞的亚群分类标记CD3百分比高于下呼吸道感染,两种类型的呼吸道感染均未引起明显的免疫功能低下及紊乱。
Objective To investigate the changes of immune function in children after respiratory tract infection. Methods From September 2010 to January 2011, children with respiratory tract infection in pediatric department of Wuhan University were divided into two groups according to clinical diagnosis: upper respiratory tract infection group and lower respiratory tract infection group. Serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM), complement levels (C3, C4) and cellular immunity in blood (percentage of subset markers CD3, CD4, CD8 of whole blood T cells and CD4 / CD8 ratio). Results The mean values of serum immunoglobulin and complement levels in upper respiratory tract infection group and lower respiratory tract infection group were within the normal reference range. The result of complement C3 in upper respiratory tract infection group [(31.04 ± 0.29) g / L] was significantly higher than that in upper respiratory tract infection group (0.99 ± 0.23) g / L in lower respiratory tract infection group (P <0.05). The percentage of CD3, CD4 and CD8 subsets of T cell subsets and CD4 / CD8 The mean value of the ratio was within the normal reference range, and the average percentage of CD3 in upper respiratory tract infection group (64.05 ± 9.99%) was significantly higher than that of lower respiratory tract infection group (62.26 ± 15.94%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In children with upper respiratory tract infection, the level of complement C3 and the percentage of CD3, a subset of cells, were higher than those of lower respiratory tract infections, and neither type of respiratory infection caused significant immunodeficiency and disturbances.