机械采茶具有增加产量、提高质量、降低成本和提高工效等优点,推广机采已成为茶区尤其大中型茶场的迫切要求。大中型茶场,茶园面积大,而且集中,采茶高峰期需要雇用大量劳力采茶,但手工采茶费工、费时,成本又高,采摘质量也差,而且粗采乱采现象严重,影响茶树生机和茶叶经济价值发挥。机采省工、效率高,不仅可以把握住采茶上的主动权,解决采茶劳力不足的矛盾,而且还能做到嫩采,充分发挥鲜叶原料的经济价值,提高经济效益。 但机采是一次性采摘,选择性较差,故对茶树的要求较高,要求茶树有良好的树冠结构,高度与幅度适中(一般在85cm左右),冠面平整,发芽整齐,长势旺盛,新梢持嫩性强。现有大中型茶场的茶园,多为六七十年代种植,品种比较混杂,管理水平不一,园貌树势差异很大,冠面参差不齐,大多不适应机采的要求,而且这 Mechanical picking tea has the advantages of increasing yield, improving quality, reducing cost and improving work efficiency. The promotion of mining has become an urgent requirement of large and medium-sized tea farms especially in the tea area. Large and medium-sized tea farms, tea plantations are large and concentrated, requiring a lot of labor to pick tea during peak tea harvesting. However, hand-picking tea takes time, costs are high, and picking quality is poor. Moreover, Vitality and economic value of tea play. Machine mining provincial workers, high efficiency, not only can seize the initiative on tea picking, tea work to resolve the problem of insufficient labor, but also to tender, give full play to the economic value of fresh leaves of raw materials, improve economic efficiency. However, mechanical mining is a one-time picking, less selective, so the higher requirements of the tea tree, tea tree requires a good canopy structure, height and width moderate (generally about 85cm), the crown surface smooth, New shoot holding tenderness strong. The existing large and medium-sized tea plantations, mostly tea plantations in the sixties and seventies, more mixed species, different levels of management, landscape vary greatly, crown uneven, mostly unsuitable for mechanical mining requirements, and this