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在古汉语否定句中,宾语如果是代词,大都放在动词的前面。它的次序是“否定副词——宾语——动词”。比如: 不患人之不己知。(论语学而) 莫我知也夫。(论语宪问) 今日之事,莫我若也。(国语晋语九) 莫我肯顾。(诗经硕鼠) 而良人未之知也。(孟子离娄下)王力先生在“中国语文讲话”(第四一页)中,黎锦熙先生在“新著国语文法”(第二六一页)中,都谈得很详细。这是古汉语否定句最常见的句式。现在所要讨论的问题是:(一)这种句式是不是倒装,有没有顺陈的句式;(二)假如有顺陈的句式,那末,这两种句式在历史上哪种是先出现的;(三)现代汉语中是不是仍保存着这种句式。我们认为这是倒装的句式,在古汉语中也有顺陈的
In ancient Chinese negative sentences, if the object is a pronoun, mostly in front of the verb. Its order is “negative adverb - object - verb ”. For example: do not know others do not know. (Analects of Confucius) Mo I know also husband. (Analects of Constitutions question) Today's event, Mo if I too. (Mandarin Jin language nine) Mo I Ken. (Poetry Shuo rat) And good people are not known also. (Mencius, Lou Xia) In his “Speech in Chinese Language” (p.4), Mr. Li Jinxi talked very well in “New Chinese Grammar” (p. 261) detailed. This is the most common sentence of the negation of ancient Chinese. The questions to be discussed now are: (a) whether this sentence pattern is flip-flipped and whether there is any one sentence pattern that follows Chen's sentence; Is the first to appear; (c) is not still preserved in modern Chinese this sentence. We think this is a flip pattern, which is also true in ancient Chinese