一中国的基础教育在从传统走向现代的过程中,学校的改革面临着复杂、多元的文化生态环境。计划经济下社会运行是稳定的,封闭的。师生之间有着强烈的等级本位的社会关系,它强调师道尊严,唯上、唯权、唯书。追求的是整齐划一,要求培养的人才是“驯服工具”,不重视人才的主体作用 As China’s basic education progresses from traditional to modern, the reform of the school faces a complex and diverse cultural and ecological environment. The social operation under the planned economy is stable and closed. There is a strong hierarchy of social relations between teachers and students. It emphasizes the dignity of the teachers, and is the only, only, and only book. The pursuit is uniform, and the talents required to train are “taming tools” and do not attach importance to the main role of talents.