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硅是植物体的重要组成部分,尽管硅尚未被列为植物生长的必需元素,但它在促进植物生长发育、提高作物对非生物逆境(干旱、盐分和重金属等)和生物逆境(病虫害)抗性等方面都具有重要作用。硅不仅能改善植株对矿质营养的吸收,提高作物产量和品质,而且能沉积在叶片及叶鞘表皮细胞,形成硅化细胞和角质双硅层结构,增强寄主植物细胞壁的机械强度和稳固性,从而增强植物对真菌侵入和扩展的抵御能力,提高植物对金属离子毒害的抗性、缓解盐胁迫、增强抗高低温和抗紫外线辐射等。本文在植物硅素营养和转运机制研究的基础上,对硅素营养在黄瓜中生长发育、抗逆和吸收转运机制等方面的效应做了相关综述,并展望了黄瓜中硅研究的未来发展。
Silicon is an important part of the plant. Although silicon has not been listed as an essential element of plant growth, it promotes the growth and development of plants and improves the resistance to abiotic stresses (drought, salinity and heavy metals) and biotic stress (pests) Sexual and other aspects have an important role. Silicon can not only improve the plant’s absorption of mineral nutrients, improve crop yield and quality, but also deposit on epidermal cells of leaves and leaf sheaths, forming silicified cells and keratin double silicon layer structure, enhancing the mechanical strength and stability of the host plant cell wall, thereby enhancing Plant resistance to fungal invasion and expansion of plants to improve resistance to poisoning of metal ions to alleviate salt stress and enhance high and low temperature and UV radiation and so on. Based on the researches on plant silicon nutrition and transport mechanism, this paper reviewed the effects of silicon nutrition on cucumber growth, resistance and absorption and transport mechanisms. The future development of silicon in cucumber was also prospected.