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以“上海青”小白菜为研究对象,利用田间模拟试验,研究了铅污染不同程度土壤施用不同保水剂用量对小白菜生长与物质产量、氮磷钾养分吸收与利用效率的差异。结果表明:土壤铅污染加重不利于蔬菜生长与养分吸收利用,施用保水剂改良污染土壤能够影响蔬菜的生长和吸收利用氮磷钾养分,但影响程度受污染程度和保水剂用量综合制约。铅污染土壤上施用保水剂可增加蔬菜生物量10.0%~23.3%,在铅污染较轻土壤上加大保水剂用量和污染较重土壤上施用较小剂量保水剂更有利于蔬菜生长。适宜的保水剂用量促进氮磷钾养分吸收积累,且随生长天数增加而表现愈明显;保水剂施用提高了养分利用率,但不同养分种类间有所差异。铅污染较轻土壤施用较大剂量和污染较重土壤上施用较小剂量保水剂改良铅污染土壤能综合提高氮磷钾养分利用效率。保水剂1.2g/kg干土用量相对2.4g/kg干土用量改良铅污染土壤,实现蔬菜提产增效。
Taking “Shanghai Green” Chinese cabbage as the research object, field experiment was conducted to study the difference of nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency on the growth, material yield and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of Chinese cabbage under different levels of lead pollution. The results showed that the increase of soil Pb pollution was not conducive to the growth and nutrient uptake of vegetables. Using water retaining agent to modify contaminated soils could affect the growth of vegetables and the absorption and utilization of N, P and K nutrients, but the degree of pollution was affected by the degree of contamination and the amount of water retaining agent. The application of water-retaining agent on lead-contaminated soils can increase the biomass of vegetables by 10.0% ~ 23.3%. Increasing the amount of water-retaining agent and heavier polluted soil on lighter lead-polluted soils is more conducive to the growth of vegetables. Appropriate amount of super absorbent polymer to promote the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium absorption and accumulation, and with the growth of the growing number of days and more obvious performance; application of super absorbent polymer to improve nutrient utilization, but different species of nutrients vary. The lead contaminated soil applied a higher dose and pollution heavier Soil application of smaller doses of water-retaining agent to improve lead contaminated soil can comprehensively improve the efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient use. Water retention agent 1.2g / kg dry soil relative amount of 2.4g / kg dry soil to improve the pollution of lead contaminated soil to achieve vegetable yield increase.