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壳聚糖是一种带阳离子的天然活性多糖,在一定条件下可以发生降解反应,其降解产物具有比壳聚糖更优良的功能特性,广泛应用于医药、食品、农业及环保等领域。壳聚糖与醛、酮可发生Schiff反应生成相应的醛亚胺或酮亚胺化合物,后者在氢硼化物作用下加氢进一步转化为各种N-烷基类衍生物。文章概述了近年来壳聚糖化学改性方面取得的某些研究进展,主要包括糖类改性,三甲基化、N-琥珀酰化、硫醇化和叠氮化改性,环状糊精改性,冠醚改性,化学接枝改性等。
Chitosan is a kind of natural active polysaccharide with cation which can undergo degradation reaction under certain conditions. Its degradation products have more excellent functional properties than chitosan and are widely used in the fields of medicine, food, agriculture and environmental protection. Schiff reaction of chitosan with aldehydes and ketones leads to the formation of the corresponding aldimine or ketimine compounds which are further converted to various N-alkyl derivatives by hydrogenation under the action of borohydrides. This article summarizes some recent advances in the chemical modification of chitosan, including carbohydrate modification, trimethylation, N-succinylation, thiolation and azide modification, cyclodextrin Modified, crown ether modified, chemical graft modification.