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本研究采用化学诱变剂——甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理了两个春小麦品种:长麦一号与吉麦二号的配子、合子及种子。结果表明:EMS处理能诱发出较多的基因突变,较少诱发染色体畸变,而且对诱发矮株和早熟突变较为有效。配子处理消除了嵌合体,其诱变效果与合子处理相近。两者均CC于种子处理。此外,配子处理损伤小,M2突变率较高,突变谱较广,而且方法较合子处理简便易行。因此,可以认为是一种有实际应用价值的诱变处理新方法。
In this study, two spring wheat varieties: gametophyte, zygote and seeds of Changmai 1 and Ji Ma 2 were treated with chemical mutagen - ethyl methylsulfate (EMS). The results showed that: EMS treatment can induce more gene mutations, less induced chromosome aberration, but also for the induction of dwarf and precocious mutations more effective. Gametes eliminate chimeras, and their mutagenic effects are similar to those of zygotes. Both CC are in seed treatment. In addition, gametogenesis is less damage, M2 mutation rate is higher, the mutation spectrum is broader, and the method is more convenient than zygotic treatment. Therefore, it can be considered as a new method of mutagenesis with practical value.