传世的明清文物里常可看到“胡人献宝”或“八蛮献宝”之类的作品。所谓胡人或蛮人都是封建时代对外国或外族人的轻蔑性称呼。古代胡人与蛮人是有区别的,所谓“胡”泛指北方汉族以外的民族,“蛮”则泛指南方以至东南亚地区和非洲的民族。这些民族在相貌或装束上自然各不相同,在唐代的章怀太子墓壁画上以及敦煌莫高窟壁画的礼佛图上可以清楚地看到画家忠实地记录了例如吐蕃、波期、朝鲜、日本等各国各族人的形象。但在明清的铜器、磁器上所表现的胡 The relics handed down from the Ming and Qing dynasties often contain such works as “Hu Ren Xian Bao” or “Ba Man Xian Bao”. The so-called barbarians or barbarians are the contempt of the foreign or alien people in the feudal era. Ancient barbarians and barbarians are different, the so-called “Hu ” refers to the northern Han ethnic groups, “quite ” refers to the South as the South and Southeast Asia and Africa. These nationalities are naturally different in appearance or costume. It is clear from the Buddhist statues of Zhang Huai-tomb tombs in the Tang Dynasty and the Buddha statue on the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang that the painters faithfully recorded records such as Tubo, the wave period, North Korea, Japan and other ethnic groups in all countries image. But in the Ming and Qing bronze, magnetic performance of the Hu