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国内高速公路边坡生态建设已经历了10多年的发展历程,但对边坡植被恢复效果及群落演替动态的调查和研究仍显不足,这在一定程度上妨碍了边坡生态恢复技术的改进与创新。文中选择地处黄土高原的陕西省西安~禹门口高速公路合阳段一处公路边坡的植被恢复作为研究案例,经过8年时间的定点调查观测,获取了阴、阳两个坡面上的植被和土壤数据,从覆盖度、物种多样性、群落结构等方面对公路边坡植被恢复效果进行了分析,初步厘清了黄土高原公路边坡植物群落初期演替特点,指出了降水量、土壤硬度和植被建植技术为影响演替的主要限制因子,并据此对公路边坡植被恢复技术改进提出了相关建议。
The ecological construction of the domestic highway slopes has experienced more than 10 years of development, but the investigation and research on the effects of vegetation restoration and succession on the slope are still inadequate, which to some extent hindered the improvement of slope ecological restoration technologies And innovation. In this paper, vegetation restoration of a highway slope in the section of Heyang Section of Xi’an-Yumenkou Expressway in Shaanxi Province is selected as a case study. After eight years of fixed-point survey and observation, Vegetation and soil data were used to analyze the effect of vegetation restoration on highway slope from aspects of coverage, species diversity and community structure. The initial succession characteristics of vegetation on slope were first clarified, and the effects of precipitation, soil hardness And vegetation planting techniques are the main limiting factors that affect succession. Based on this, some suggestions are put forward to improve the technology of vegetation restoration on highway slope.