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一、引言为了使整个设计过程及其中各项设计活动合理化,从而提高设计质量和降低设计费用,在联邦德国开发了大量处理战略和具体方法,对这些战略和方法的研究主要可分成以下三个方面:——研究合理的设计过程,设计各阶段的工作步骤和将其合宜联接起来的进程图。这类进程图或工作流程图涉及诸如方案设计,技术设计和设计收尾工作等阶段。在每一阶段中又都涉及解的选择、评价和决策。——在顾及追求目标和通常设计标准的前提下提出各种设计规律和设计原理。这些设计规律,原理和指导文件有助于设计出比较可靠安全,载荷状态比较有利,便于制造便于装配、造型美观和成本较低的零部件结构。
I. INTRODUCTION In order to rationalize the whole design process and various design activities to improve the design quality and reduce the design cost, a large number of processing strategies and specific methods have been developed in the Federal Republic of Germany. The research on these strategies and methods can be mainly divided into the following three Aspects: - Study of sound design processes, design of work steps at various stages, and process maps that fit together. Such process diagrams or workflow diagrams involve phases such as program design, technical design, and design finishing. In each stage, they also involve the choice of solutions, evaluation and decision-making. - In the pursuit of goals and the usual design standards under the premise of a variety of design rules and design principles. These design rules, principles and guidance documents help to design a more reliable and safe, more favorable load conditions, easy to manufacture components easy to assemble, beautiful appearance and low cost parts.