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重度哮喘发作经一般治疗12小时以上仍不能控制者称为哮喘持续状态。由于呼吸道阻塞引起通气功能障碍是其基本原因。呼吸道阻塞可由于支气管痉挛,支气管粘膜水肿性肥厚及分泌物、粘液痰栓堵塞引起。由于支气管阻塞,死腔增加,甚至导致肺不张,从而发生通气血流比例失调,引起低氧血症。另外由于广泛的气道阻塞,肺泡换气不良,还可发生高碳酸血症。一般轻症哮喘PaCO_2多半降低,PaCO_2增高则表示哮喘状态严重。大量的痰栓导致呼吸道的广泛阻塞,是重症支气管哮喘病人致死的主要原因。对哮喘持续状态的患儿应积极进行抢救治疗,处理过程中应监测血
Severe asthmatic attacks after more than 12 hours of general treatment can not control the so-called asthma persistence. Ventilatory dysfunction is the underlying cause of airway obstruction. Respiratory blockage may be due to bronchial spasm, bronchial mucosal edematous hypertrophy and secretions, mucus plug blocking. Due to bronchial obstruction, dead space increases, and even lead to atelectasis, resulting in the imbalance of ventilation and blood flow, causing hypoxemia. In addition due to extensive airway obstruction, poor alveolar ventilation, hypercapnia can occur. Mostly mild asthma PaCO_2 mostly decreased, PaCO_2 increased said that asthma is serious. A large number of sputum leads to extensive obstruction of the respiratory tract, is the main cause of death in patients with severe bronchial asthma. Persistent asthma in children with asthma should be actively treated, blood should be monitored during treatment