我国是一个乙型肝炎与肺结核疫情还相当严重的国家，据报道，我国感染乙型肝炎病毒者已有1亿多人[1]；活动性肺结核患者亦有600万人[2]，因此同罹两病者并不鲜见．我院1992年1月至1996年8月间，住院活动性肺结核176例，其中发现36例HBSAg阳性患者．对176例患者采用利福平（R） China is a country where the outbreak of hepatitis B and tuberculosis is still very serious. According to reports, more than 100 million people have been infected with hepatitis B virus in China [1]; there are 6 million people with active tuberculosis [2] It is not uncommon to have two patients. In our hospital from January 1992 to August 1996, there were 176 cases of active tuberculosis in hospital, of which 36 cases were positive for HBSAg. 176 patients with rifampicin (R)