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目的了解北京市海淀区居民吸烟现况,分析吸烟及其相关因素。方法调查对象为海淀区18岁以上常住居民,采用等比例多阶段整群随机抽样、集中调查的方法。结果本次共调查了2695名成人,吸烟率为22.60%(标化吸烟率为30.0%),其中男性吸烟率为54.99%,女性吸烟率为5.19%,二者差异有统计学意义(χ2=868.73,P=0.000)。初中文化程度吸烟率最高为27.52%,不同文化程度间吸烟率有显著性差异(χ2=17.18,P=0.002),不同职业居民吸烟率卫生事业单位人员最低为14.81%,与其他职业比较有显著性差异(χ2=28.29,P=0.000),吸烟者中33.20%的人每天吸烟20～29支。结论海淀区居民吸烟率低于北京市总体水平,男性吸烟率高于女性,不同文化程度和职业吸烟率不同,积极开展重点人群的控烟干预非常重要。
Objective To understand the status of smoking among residents in Haidian District, Beijing, and analyze smoking and related factors. Methods The survey was conducted for residents aged over 18 years in Haidian District, using an equal-scale, multi-stage, cluster random sampling and centralized survey method. Results A total of 2695 adults were investigated. The smoking rate was 22.60% (standardized smoking rate was 30.0%). The smoking rate was 54.99% for males and 5.19% for females. The difference was statistically significant (χ2= 868.73, P=0.000). The highest smoking rate in junior high school education is 27.52%. There is a significant difference in the smoking rate among different levels of education (χ2=17.18, P=0.002). The lowest smoking rate among different occupational residents is 14.81%, which is significant compared with other occupations. Sexual differences (χ2=28.29, P=0.000), 33.20% of smokers smoked 20-29 cigarettes per day. Conclusions The smoking rate of residents in Haidian District is lower than that of Beijing. The smoking rate of males is higher than that of females. Different educational levels and occupational smoking rates are different. It is very important to actively carry out tobacco control interventions for key populations.