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一般来说,史学比自然科学更受制于社会的变动和意识形态状况。20世纪90年代初的俄罗斯历史学较之其他学科更大程度上承受了国家巨变的后果,许多特征反映出所处“过渡时期”的时代影响。这一时期的俄罗斯史学不仅承载了苏联解体的所有社会反映,而且折射出俄罗斯的历史科学发展方向。其领域的“档案革命”、“教育革命”与“方法论革命”三个方面相互交织相互作用,共同构建着历史学的总体变局。
In general, historiography is more subject to social changes and ideological conditions than the natural sciences. Russian history in the early 1990s, to a greater extent than any other discipline, has suffered the consequences of a drastic national change, many of which characterize the epochal influence of the “transitional period.” The Russian history of this period not only carried all the social reactions of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, but also reflected the development direction of Russian history and science. In the field, “archives revolution”, “education revolution” and “methodological revolution” are intertwined with each other to form the overall change of history.