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森林片断化引起了森林边缘物理环境与生物的变化。从森林边缘向林内,光辐射、温度、湿度、风等因素发生改变,这些反过来对边缘上和边缘附近的生物产生极其重要的影响。有些研究表明,生物与非生物存在明显的边缘-核心的变化梯度,而有些则没有。除了影响边缘效应的客观因素(如边缘的取向、地势、年龄等)外,主观因素对边缘效应也有影响。边缘对生物与非生物的影响因片断化森林的面积、形状以及与其他森林片断连接程度的不同而不同,故边缘效应的研究对自然保护区的设计管理有一定的指导意义。
Forest fragmentation has caused changes in the physical environment and biology at the edge of the forest. From the edge of the forest to the interior of the forest, light radiation, temperature, humidity, wind and other factors change, which in turn have a very significant effect on the creatures on and near the edges. Some studies show that there is a clear edge between living and non-living things - a gradient of change in the core, while others do not. In addition to the objective factors (such as edge orientation, topography, age, etc.) that affect the edge effect, the subjective factors also have an impact on the edge effect. The influence of edge on biology and inanimateness varies with the area and shape of the fragmented forest and the degree of connection with other forest fragments. Therefore, the study of the edge effect has certain guiding significance for the design and management of the nature reserve.