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目的①调查判定该中毒事件的性质,描述其流行病学特征;②调查其流行病学病因、中毒途径及其影响因素;③提出控制措施,防止类似疾病的再次发生。方法按照现场流行病学调查的方法和步骤,设计统一的调查表,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果福建省某乡镇3个村庄8个家庭共报告病例26例,确诊18例,可能病例5例,疑似病例3例。患者主要症状有皮肤瘀斑(83%)、牙龈出血(78%)和关节酸痛(72%)。患者男性13例,女性13例,男女性别比1:1;年龄最大87岁,最小4岁。首发病例在2010年2月份,末例在2011年8月,26例病例发病时间散发,同一家庭病例发病时间聚集。符合病例定义者鼠药大隆成分检出率95%(18/19),病例家庭无症状者大隆成分检出率58%(7/12),非病例家庭无人检出(0/27)。结论这是一起由抗凝血类杀鼠剂大隆通过消化道途径引起的中毒事件,人为入室投毒的可能性很大。
Objectives ① To investigate and determine the nature of the poisoning event, describing its epidemiological features; ② To investigate its epidemiological causes, pathways and their influencing factors; ③ To put forward control measures to prevent the recurrence of similar diseases. Methods According to the methods and steps of field epidemiological investigation, a unified questionnaire was designed and the descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 26 cases were reported in 8 villages in 3 villages of a certain township of Fujian Province, including 18 confirmed cases, 5 possible cases and 3 suspected cases. The main symptoms of the patients were ecchymosis (83%), gum bleeding (78%) and arthralgia (72%). 13 cases of male patients, 13 females, male to female ratio of 1: 1; the oldest 87 years old, minimum 4 years old. The first case in February 2010, the last case in August 2011, the time of onset of 26 cases were distributed, the same family time of onset of illness gathered. 95% (18/19) of the rat Dalong component in the definition of the case, 58% (7/12) of the Dalong component in the asymptomatic family member, and no one in the non-case family (0/27 ). Conclusion This is a poisoning caused by the anticoagulant rodenticide Dalong through the digestive tract pathogenic events, the possibility of human poisoning into the room.