WHO在 70年代提出卫生服务的社区方向。社区参与卫生服务是初级卫生保健的原则 (阿拉木图宣言 )。 19世纪德国人 F.Tonnies提出社区是由共同生活的同质人口组成。他们向往共同的价值 ,关系密切 ,守望相助 ,防御病痛 ,富有人情味的共同体。社区卫生服务就是以个人为中心 ,以家庭 In the 1970s, WHO put forward the community direction of health services. Community participation in health services is the principle of primary health care (Almaty Declaration). In the 19th century, German F. Tonnies proposed that the community consists of a homogeneous population that lives together. They yearn for common values, are closely related, help each other, defend against illness, and have a humane community. Community health services are individual-centered and family-oriented