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目的观察尘肺患者肺通气功能的损害情况。方法对200例尘肺患者、100例0~+者和80例X线胸片正常的接尘工人进行肺通气功能测试。结果0~+及Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者的用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量(FEV_(1.0))、FEV_(1.0)/FVC%、最大通气量(MW)、25%～75%用力呼气中期流速(FEF_(25%-75%))均低于对照组,Ⅱ期患者的FVC、FEV_(1.0)、FEV_(1.0)/FVC%、MVV、FEF_(25%-75%)明显低于Ⅰ期及0~+,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);Ⅰ、Ⅱ期尘肺肺功能损害均以混合性通气功能障碍为主,发生率分别77.6%和90.5%。与<60岁组比较,60岁以上尘肺患者各项肺功能指标均下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论尘肺患者肺功能损害以混合性通气功能障碍为主,无尘肺的0~+者有肺功能损害。
Objective To observe the damage of pulmonary ventilation in patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods Pulmonary ventilation tests were performed in 200 patients with pneumoconiosis, 100 patients with 0 ~ + and 80 patients with normal dust exposure. Results FVC, FEV_ (1.0), FEV_ (1.0) / FVC%, maximal ventilation (MW), 25% ~ 75 (FEF_ (25% -75%)) were lower than that of the control group in the second phase of the patients, FEV 1.0, FEV 1.0 / FVC%, MVV, FEF 25% -75% ) Were significantly lower than those in stage Ⅰ and 0 ~ + (P <0.01). Pulmonary function impairment in stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ were mixed ventilation dysfunction with the incidence rates of 77.6% and 90.5% respectively. Compared with those in the 60-year-old group, all the lung function indexes of pneumoconiosis patients over the age of 60 were decreased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Pulmonary dysfunction in patients with pneumoconiosis is dominated by mixed ventilatory dysfunction, and those with 0 ~ + pneumoconiosis have impaired pulmonary function.