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森林资源是老挝分布最广和最重要的自然资源。基于老挝各省在1982、1992和2002年三个时段的森林覆被和土地利用现状数据,应用洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数对老挝森林覆被变化进行定性和定量的研究,并分析了老挝森林资源变化的驱动力及其主要因子的影响。结果表明老挝各类林地面积和分布结构都发生了相对变化:在面积总量变化上,下降最明显的是现存林地和其他林地,分别下降了3%和5.3%;而次生林地和长期农耕地分别增长了5.4%和2.1%;相对而言,其他非林地面积总量变化不大。在森林分布特点上,现存林地和其他林地的土地利用类型分布呈离散分布;次生林地、长期农耕地和其它非林地的土地类型分布趋向均衡。老挝森林覆被变化有其历史和社会发展水平限制等特殊性,它是老挝社会经济发展和人口增长等因素共同驱动的结果,但主要驱动力是老挝人民普遍的贫困及从事对社会和环境破坏极大的游耕或轮垦的农耕活动。
Forest resources are the most widely distributed and important natural resources in Laos. Based on the data of forest cover and land use status of Laos provinces in 1982, 1992 and 2002, the Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient were used to qualitative and quantitative study on the change of forest cover in Laos. The forest resources The driving force of change and its main factors. The results showed that all kinds of forest land area and distribution structure changed relatively in Laos. The most significant decrease was the decrease of existing forest land and other forest land, with the decrease of 3% and 5.3% respectively; while the secondary forest land and long-term farmland Respectively, an increase of 5.4% and 2.1%. In contrast, the total amount of other non-forest land areas changed little. In the characteristics of forest distribution, the distribution of land use types in existing woodland and other woodlands is discrete; the distribution of land types in secondary forest land, long-term agricultural land and other non-forest land tends to be balanced. The change of forest cover in Laos has its own particularity such as the limitation of history and level of social development. It is the result of the social economic development and population growth in Laos. However, the main driving force is the widespread poverty in Lao people and the social and environmental damage Great farming or rotation farming activities.