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本文首先对我国沿海水域(特别是渤海、黄海和上海港)的严重油污染情况及近年来的治理措施作了叙述,指出船舶石油运输也是主要的水域油污染源之一,并对油轮压舱水、洗舱水及机舱舱底水的油污染进行了具体分析。文章阐明了油污染对生态系统、渔业资源等方面的危害,尤其是石油中苯并(a)蓖(Benza[a]Pyrene)为代表的致癌物污染,对人类健康具有潜在威肋,并论述了防治油污染的各种方法。最后,作者建议我国在推广现有防治措施的同时,发展新型的生物——物理法,用活性污泥——活性炭大规模高级处理油污水及进一步研制船用高效深度处理油水分离器,以改善性能,提高效率,节约能源,综合利用,适应现代环境工程技术的发展。
This paper first describes the serious oil pollution in China’s coastal waters (especially the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and Shanghai Port) and the treatment measures in recent years. It points out that the transportation of petroleum by ships is also one of the major oil pollution sources in the water area. , Wash tank and engine room bilge oil contamination were analyzed in detail. The paper illustrates the harmful effects of oil pollution on ecosystems and fishery resources, especially the carcinogenic pollution represented by Benza [a] Pyrene in petroleum, which has the potential threat to human health A variety of ways to prevent oil pollution. Finally, the author suggests that while promoting the existing prevention and control measures, our country should develop new bio-physical methods, large-scale advanced treatment of oily wastewater with activated sludge-activated carbon and further development of marine efficient deep-treatment oil-water separators to improve performance , Improve efficiency, save energy, comprehensive utilization, adapt to the development of modern environmental engineering and technology.