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目的了解安徽省农村地区成年人群高血压的流行和分布情况及对高血压危险因素的知晓情况,为我省农村地区防治高血压工作提供依据。方法2 091名年龄在35岁以上的农村成年人参加了此次调查。经过培训的调查员用标准水银血压计对参加者进行了血压测量。被调查者的人口统计学资料和对高血压危险因素的知晓情况由调查员用统一的调查表调查后获得。结果总的高血压患病率为36.1%。35~44岁、45~54岁、55~64岁、65~74岁、75岁以上年龄组男性、女性的患病率分别为20.7%、30.6%、41.6%、62.8%、71.7%和15.2%、27.3%、36.8%、56.5%、62.7%。在参加者中,对高血压7种危险因素(遗传、肥胖、年龄、缺乏锻炼、吸烟、饮酒、高盐摄入)的知晓率分别为7.0%、8.7%、21.8%、9.4%、1.3%、7.3%、1.5%。21.5%的高血压患者和15.1%血压正常者知道他们自己的血压值,仅有3.1%的高血压患者和2.2%的血压正常者知道正常血压值。结论本次调查的结果表明,安徽省农村地区成年人群高血压的患病率非常高,对高血压危险因素和高血压相关知识的知晓率非常低。应该采取全面的高血压预防控制措施,并提高对高血压危险因素和相关知识的知晓率。
Objective To understand the epidemiology and distribution of hypertension among adults in rural areas of Anhui Province and to know the risk factors of hypertension so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of hypertension in rural areas of our province. Method 2 091 rural adults over the age of 35 participated in the survey. Trained investigators performed blood pressure measurements on participants using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. The respondents’ demographic information and their knowledge of the risk factors for hypertension were obtained by investigators using a uniform questionnaire survey. Results The prevalence of hypertension was 36.1%. The prevalence rates of males and females aged 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 and 75 years and older were 20.7%, 30.6%, 41.6%, 62.8%, 71.7% and 15.2 %, 27.3%, 36.8%, 56.5%, 62.7%. Among participants, the awareness rates of seven risk factors for hypertension (heredity, obesity, age, lack of exercise, smoking, drinking, high salt intake) were 7.0%, 8.7%, 21.8%, 9.4%, 1.3% , 7.3%, 1.5%. 21.5% of hypertensive patients and 15.1% of normotensive people know their own blood pressure values, and only 3.1% of hypertensive patients and 2.2% of normotensive persons have normotensive values. Conclusion The results of this survey show that the prevalence of hypertension among adults in rural areas of Anhui Province is very high, and the awareness of hypertension-related risk factors and hypertension is very low. Comprehensive antihypertensive control measures should be taken and awareness of risk factors and related knowledge of hypertension increased.