一、人类经济与文化的时代嬗变有赖于技术进步人类文化的进展以人的劳动方式和对自然力的利用方式为主要内容和尺度。在劳动生产方式上以体力劳动为主的苦干生产方式朝以智力劳动为主的巧干方式进展。在对自然力的利用上从对畜力、水力、风力的利用,到对以煤炭、石油、天然气为能源的火力和电力的利用,进展到对核能和太阳能的利用和驾驭,似乎还没有止境。这两项进展都必须以发明创造和技术进步为前提。无此前提,劳动的方式也巧不起来,对自然力的役使和驾驭也不可能日臻有效与完善。历次产业革命都从几项关键性的技术发明发轫,从而又带动了一大批技术发明的涌现,推动了产业经济的全面发展和文化水平的全面提高。鉴于每次产业革命都使人类经济与文化进入一个新的时期,说人类经济与文化的时代嬗变有赖于技术进步,谅不为过。二、技术进步的内容主要是內部深化和外部交叉古代的科学家往往都是博物学家。古希腊的亚里斯多德如此,我国宋代的沈括也是如此。沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中所涉及 First, the evolution of the human economy and culture depends on the progress of technology The progress of human culture to human labor and the use of natural forces as the main content and scale. In the mode of production of labor to manual labor-based production mode of hard work toward intelligent work-based approach to clever work progress. There seems to be no end to the utilization and control of nuclear energy and solar energy from the utilization of natural resources to the utilization of animal power, water power and wind power, and the utilization of firepower and electricity with coal, oil and natural gas as energy sources. Both of these advances must be premised on inventions and technological advances. Without such preconditions, the way of labor can not cobble together and the service and control of natural forces can not be more effective and perfected. All the previous industrial revolutions have resulted in the invention of several key technological inventions, which in turn have brought about the emergence of a large number of technological inventions and promoted the all-round development of the industrial economy and the overall improvement of the cultural level. In view of the fact that every industrial revolution has brought human economy and culture into a new era, the evolution of the times and times of the human economy and culture depends on technological progress and is not forgiven. Second, the content of technological progress is mainly internal deepening and external crossover Ancient scientists are often naturalists. Aristotle of ancient Greece so, Shen Song of China’s Song Dynasty is also true. Shen Kuo in “Meng Xi Bi Tan” involved