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目的了解枣庄市诱发儿童支气管哮喘常见吸入性变应原的构成情况,为本病环境干预提供依据。方法根据枣庄市支气管哮喘流行病学调查结果,对0~14岁哮喘和非哮喘儿童分别随机抽取31例作为观察组和对照组,两组均进行吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验检查。结果吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验观察组阳性率为83.87%(26/31),对照组为38.71%(12/31),观察组高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.33,OR=8.23,95%CI:2.48~27.32,P<0.001)。观察组在10种常见吸入性变应原中室内尘土和螨的阳性反应率最高,分别为58.06%(18/31)和48.39%(15/31)。结论枣庄市诱发儿童哮喘的主要吸入性变应原是室内尘土和螨。
Objective To understand the constitution of common inhaled allergens induced by children’s bronchial asthma in Zaozhuang and provide the basis for the environmental intervention of this disease. Methods According to the epidemiological findings of bronchial asthma in Zaozhuang City, 31 cases of asthma and non-asthmatic children aged 0-14 years were randomly selected as the observation group and the control group. Both groups were examined by inhalation allergen skin prick test. Results The positive rate of inhalation allergen skin prick test was 83.87% (26/31) in the observation group and 38.71% (12/31) in the control group, which was higher in the observation group than in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups χ2 = 13.33, OR = 8.23, 95% CI: 2.48-27.32, P <0.001). The positive rates of indoor dust and mite in the 10 common inhaled allergens in the observation group were the highest, 58.06% (18/31) and 48.39% (15/31), respectively. Conclusion The main inhalation allergens of childhood asthma in Zaozhuang are indoor dust and mites.