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2014~2015年,采用田间定位试验研究了不同有机物料配施化肥对烤烟移栽后45 d和移栽后90 d土壤不同形态有机碳的影响,设置的五种处理分别为单施化肥(T_1)、腐熟麦秸秆配施化肥(T_2)、生物炭配施化肥(T_3)、饼肥配施化肥(T_4)、牛粪配施化肥(T_5)。结果表明:T_5对土壤的有机碳(T_OC)、微生物量碳(MBC)、易氧化碳(LOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)含量的提高显著高于其它处理。T_1对土壤可矿化碳(PMC)含量的提高显著高于其它处理,T_3次之。在移栽后45 d,T_2和T_4较T_1能显著提高土壤T_OC含量分别为7.193%、2.209%,MBC含量分别为20.47%、30.86%、DOC含量分别为1.356%、4.879%和LOC含量分别56.49%、82.58%。移栽后90 d,T_2和T_4较T_1能显著提高MBC含量分别为20.94%、18.87%,DOC含量分别为40.80%、30.22%。通过主成分分析可知,各处理对植烟土壤不同形态有机碳含量的影响分别表现为:移栽后45 d时,T_5>T_4>T_2>T_3>T_1;移栽后90 d时,T_5>T_4>T_3>T_2>T_1。通过聚类分析可知,各处理对植烟土壤不同形态有机碳含量的影响都可分为3类:移栽后45 d时:第一类为T_5,第二类包括T_2、T_4,第三类包括T_1、T_3;移栽后90 d时:第一类为T_5,第二类包括T_2、T_4、T_3,第三类为T_1。表明植烟时牛粪最宜做基肥,饼肥和腐熟麦秸秆次之。
The field experiment was conducted to study the effects of chemical fertilizers with different organic materials on soil organic carbon at 45 days after transplanting and at 90 days after transplanting. The five treatments were single fertilizer (T_1 ), Decomposed wheat straw with chemical fertilizer (T_2), biochar with chemical fertilizers (T_3), cake fertilizer with chemical fertilizers (T_4) and cow manure with chemical fertilizers (T_5). The results showed that the increase of soil organic carbon (TOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), carbon monoxide (LOC) and soluble organic carbon (DOC) was significantly higher than that of other treatments. T_1 increased the content of soil mineralizable carbon (PMC) significantly higher than other treatments, followed by T_3. At 45 days after transplanting, T 2 and T 1 significantly increased soil T_OC contents by 7.193% and 2.209%, MBC contents by 20.47% and 30.86%, DOC contents by 1.356%, 4.879% and LOC values by 56.49 %, 82.58%. At 90 days after transplanting, T 2 and T 2 significantly increased the content of MBC by 20.94% and 18.87%, respectively. The content of DOC was 40.80% and 30.22% respectively. According to the principal component analysis, the effects of different treatments on the content of soil organic carbon in tobacco soil were as follows: 45 days after transplanting, T_5> T_4> T_2> T_3> T_1, 90 days after transplanting, T_5> T_4 > T_3> T_2> T_1. According to the cluster analysis, the effects of different treatments on different forms of organic carbon in tobacco soil can be classified into three groups: 45 days after transplanting, the first class is T_5, the second class includes T_2 and T_4, the third class Including T_1 and T_3. At 90 days after transplanting, the first type was T_5, the second type included T_2, T_4 and T_3, and the third type was T_1. Suggest that the most suitable manure for planting tobacco as a base fertilizer, cake fertilizer and decomposed wheat straw followed.