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目的了解我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”实施1 a后试点学校的膳食供应改善情况,为制定和修正学生营养干预策略提供参考依据。方法采用记账法,对全国2012年3 910所和2013年5 523所实施“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”学校食堂食物供应情况进行分析。结果实施1 a后,学生粮谷、鸡蛋、豆制品和牛奶的供应情况均有改善(Z值分别为-3.94,-6.80,-8.26,-4.45,P值均<0.01),但蔬菜、禽畜肉和植物油的供应量与干预前差异均无统计学意义(Z值分别为-0.19,1.28,-0.65,P值均>0.05);膳食能量、蛋白质、维生素A、钙、铁和锌的供应情况也有显著改善(Z值分别为-3.84,-3.86,-5.26,-5.83,-2.77,-6.66,P值均<0.01),而维生素C供应量与干预前差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.03,P>0.05)。结论实施“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”后,试点学校学生膳食供应情况有显著改善,但与参考量比较仍处于偏低水平。
Objective To understand the improvement of the dietary supply of pilot schools in China after the implementation of “1) Nutritional Improvement Plan for Rural Compulsory Education Students”, and provide a reference for formulating and correcting the nutritional intervention strategies for students. Methods The bookkeeping method was used to analyze the food supply of 3,910 schools in 2012 and 5,523 schools in 2013 in the “Canteen Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education” schools. Results After 1 year, the supply of cereals, eggs, soy products and milk improved significantly (Z values were -3.94, -6.80, -8.26 and -4.45 respectively, P <0.01) There was no significant difference in the supply of meat and vegetable oil before intervention (Z values were -0.19,1.28, -0.65, P> 0.05 respectively); dietary energy, protein, vitamin A, calcium, iron and zinc (Z values were -3.84, -3.86, -5.26, -5.83, -2.77, -6.66 respectively, P <0.01), while the supply of vitamin C was not significantly different from that before intervention (Z = -1.03, P> 0.05). Conclusion After the implementation of “Rural Nutrition Improvement Program for Compulsory Education”, the pilot school students’ dietary supply has been significantly improved, but the comparison with the reference amounts is still at a low level.