微RNAs(miRNAs)是一类在转录后水平调控基因表达的小的内源性非编码RNA分子,约长17～27nt,在细胞与组织中特异表达。miRNAs在各种不同的生物学进程中都发挥关键作用,通过靶向结合基因中与成熟miRNA互补的序列,调控发育、细胞分化、增殖和凋亡。miRNAs-靶基因间调控的异常与一系列癌症的进程密切相关。超过50%的人类miRNAs MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, about 17-27 nt in length and are specifically expressed in cells and tissues. MiRNAs play a key role in a variety of different biological processes and regulate development, cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis by targeting sequences complementary to mature miRNAs in the binding genes. The abnormality of miRNAs-target genes is closely related to the progression of a series of cancers. Over 50% of human miRNAs