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力学刺激参与调节体内细胞多种生命活动,如增殖、凋亡、分化等。其中周期性张应变作为机体最常见的一种受力模式,广泛存在于骨关节运动系统,心血管系统,呼吸系统等。然而体内力学环境十分复杂,影响因素颇多,给类似的生物力学相关基础研究带来了诸多不便。Flexcell作为一种新型的体外培养细胞的力学加载装置,可将复杂的体内力学刺激简化模拟出来,提供包括周期性张应变等多种力学刺激加载方式,这对生物力学的研究是一个极大的促进。多项研究已发现Flexcell装置提供的周期性张应变加载可引起受力细胞的增殖和凋亡活性改变,这种改变出现的程度与时机却颇有争议,类似的研究也可能出现相反的结论,这与体外受力细胞的自身类型状态,Flexcell系统下所设定的周期性张应变施力参数(周期性张应变大小,作用时间,作用频率,力学波形)均有关联。本文就Flexcell系统下加载周期性张应变对不同细胞增殖和凋亡活动的影响做一综述。理解这些特性,将对因病理力学刺激下增殖凋亡平衡发生紊乱而导致的相关疾病的预防与治疗有着重要的指导意义。
Mechanics stimulate the body’s cells involved in regulating a variety of life activities, such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and so on. Among them, cyclic strain is one of the most common stress modes in the body and widely exists in the bone and joint movement system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system. However, the in vivo mechanics environment is very complicated with many influencing factors, which brings a lot of inconveniences to the similar basic research of biomechanics. Flexcell, as a new type of mechanical loading device for culturing cells in vitro, can simulate complex in vivo mechanical stimulation and provide a variety of mechanical stimulation loading methods including periodic tensile strain. This is a great research on biomechanics promote. Several studies have found that the cyclic strain loading provided by the Flexcell device can cause the proliferation and apoptosis activity of stressed cells to change. The extent and timing of such changes appear to be controversial, and similar studies may come to the opposite conclusion. This is related to the type of self-stressed cells in vitro and the parameters of the cyclic tensile strain (cyclic strain, duration, frequency of action, mechanical waveforms) set by Flexcell system. In this paper, we review the effects of cyclic strain loading on proliferation and apoptosis of different cells under Flexcell system. Understanding these characteristics will be of great guiding significance for the prevention and treatment of related diseases caused by disorder of proliferation and apoptosis induced by pathological stimulation.