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目的调查舟山地区新生儿及其母亲的汞暴露现状。方法2004年8至9月,采用整群法选取舟山市定海区第三人民医院产科出生的408名足月新生儿及其母亲,并随访新生儿的神经行为发育情况,直至1岁。抽查舟山市定海区菜市场出售的14种(每种5份)鱼类水产品的汞含量。结果新生儿脐带血汞的几何均值为27.81nmol/L,母亲发汞的几何均值为1246.56μg/kg,新生儿脐带血汞和母亲发汞有明显的相关性。新生儿脐带血汞的影响因素为母亲吃鱼次数、在舟山地区居住时间和父亲吸烟,母亲发汞的影响因素为吃鱼次数和在舟山地区居住时间,吃鱼次数与新生儿脐带血汞和母亲发汞呈显著正相关。所抽查鱼类水产品的汞平均含量在低浓度范围内,但不同种类水产品的汞含量波动较大,2份带鱼和2份鳗鱼鱼干的汞含量达到中等浓度水平。结论舟山地区新生儿及其母亲的汞暴露水平有一定潜在危险性,食鱼是舟山地区人群汞暴露的主要来源。
Objective To investigate the status of mercury exposure of newborns and their mothers in Zhoushan. Methods From August to September 2004, 408 full-term newborns and their mothers were selected from obstetrics of the Third People’s Hospital of Dinghai District, Zhoushan City. The neonate’s neurobehavioral development was followed up to 1 year old. Check the mercury content of fourteen species (five each) of fish and fishery products sold in Dinghai District, Zhoushan City. Results The geometric mean of neonatal umbilical cord blood mercury was 27.81nmol / L, the geometric mean of mercury of mothers was 1246.56μg / kg, and the neonatal umbilical cord blood mercury and mothers mercury were significantly correlated. Factors affecting neonatal umbilical cord blood mercury mothers eat fish, lived in Zhoushan and his father smoking, mothers hair mercury factors affecting the number of fish and living in Zhoushan, the number of fish and neonatal umbilical cord blood mercury and Mother mercury was significantly positively correlated. The average level of mercury in the fish aquatic products sampled was within the range of low concentration, but the mercury content of different kinds of aquatic products fluctuated greatly. The mercury content of the two hairtail and two eel fish reached the medium level. Conclusion There is a certain potential risk of mercury exposure to newborns and their mothers in Zhoushan. Fish feeding is the main source of mercury exposure in Zhoushan.