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经济开放通过FD I和国际贸易影响我国劳动力需求弹性,这意味着劳动者在面临负向冲击时工资会有较大的向下压力,从而可能造成较大幅度收入下降,导致消费需求的下降。本文使用中国27个省、市、自治区1993年至2006年的面板数据,实证检验了经济开放、劳动需求弹性与消费需求之间的影响机制。结果表明,FD I流入与国际贸易使得劳动需求弹性增加,进而导致消费需求下降。因此,为加快形成消费、投资、出口协调拉动经济增长新局面,需要完善对劳动者的保护和社会保障机制,保持收入稳定增长。
Economic openness affects China’s demand elasticity of labor through FD I and international trade, which means that workers face greater downward pressure on their wages in the face of negative impact, which may result in a large decline in income and a decrease in consumer demand. Using panel data from 27 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 1993 to 2006, this paper empirically tests the mechanism of economic openness, labor demand flexibility and consumer demand. The results show that the inflow of FD I and international trade make the elasticity of labor demand increase, which leads to the decline of consumer demand. Therefore, in order to accelerate the formation of a new situation of economic growth through the formation of consumption, investment and export coordination, we need to improve mechanisms for the protection of workers and social security and maintain a steady growth of income.