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研究了叠氮化钠及其与γ射线复合处理对水稻 M_1代的生理损伤和 M_2代的诱变效应,主要结果是:(1)叠氮化钠可引起水稻生理损伤及叶绿素、株高和抽穗期突变;(2)不同 pH 值的叠氮化钠效应不同,与 pH3相比,pH7的叠氮化钠生理效应及诱变效应较小,而且在10mM 以下不引起明显的苗期损伤;(3)预浸处理能增加水稻对叠氮化钠的敏感性,但 pH3下,预浸24小时可减轻叠氮化钠的损伤作用;(4)γ射线与叠氮化钠复合处理,加剧了 M_1代损伤,增加 M_2代突变率,在pH3下,叠氮化钠的增效作用较强,复合处理突变谱较广;(5)用叶绿素突变的穗行突变体(白化苗)分离比例分析法估算,水稻主穗的原基细胞平均为2—3个。我们认为,在水稻诱变育种中,采用γ射线(1.5—3万伦)与 pH3叠氮化钠(0.5-1mM)复合处理,能提高诱变频率。
The main results are as follows: (1) Sodium azide can cause physiological damage of rice and the effects of chlorophyll, plant height and plant height (2) The effects of sodium azide at different pH values were different. Compared with pH3, the physiological and mutagenic effects of sodium azide at pH7 were small, and no significant seedling damage was induced under 10 mM. (3) The pre-treatment can increase the sensitivity of rice to sodium azide, but pretreatment at pH3 for 24 hours can reduce the damage of sodium azide; (4) The combination of gamma ray and sodium azide aggravates M_1 generation increased the M_2 generation mutation rate, the synergistic effect of sodium azide was stronger at pH3, and the composite treatment had a broader mutation spectrum. (5) The percentage of spike line mutant with chlorophyll mutation Analytical method estimated that the average number of primary basal cells in rice is 2-3. In our opinion, in rice mutagenesis, the frequency of mutagenesis can be increased by the combination of γ-ray (1.5-3 million) and pH3 sodium azide (0.5-1 mM).