1690年,J·洛克在《人类理解论》一书中提出了“白板理论”,认为新生婴儿就像一块空白的石板,后来这块白板记录了他在生活中的经历。这就是说,所有的人出生时性格发展的潜力从古生物上看是相同的,而他们的成年人格则全是随文化的不同而不同的后天经验的产物。就这些方面而言,这个理论是不可接受的,因为每个人出生时便具有了即将影响其成年人格的独特遗传倾向。可是,遗传而来的物质所决定的只是最大潜能与限度,它只对人类早 In 1690, J. Locke put forward the “whiteboard theory” in his book Human Understanding, arguing that a newborn baby is like a blank slate and later the whiteboard records his life experience. This means that the potential for character development of all people at birth is paleontologically identical, and their adult personality is all a product of acquired acquired experience that differs from one culture to another. In these respects, this theory is unacceptable because each person has at birth a unique genetic predisposition to affect his adult personality. However, the inherited substance determines only the maximum potential and limit, it is only for human beings