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水輪机涡壳是机組最大部件之一;在高水头(H≥50米)的水輪机中部用金属涡壳作导流。我国将要建造很多巨型水电站。它們都是高水头的,如刘家峽、龙王庙及世界最大的三峽等水头都超过一百公尺;而机組(单台)的容量也很大。按照苏联(苏姆吉)理論計算,这些电站金属涡壳所需鋼板厚度达到h=60～90公厘。此种軋制厚板的生产,冷弯成型,和焊接拼装都是十分困难的。所以减薄涡壳鋼板的厚度是解决生产工艺的迫切問題,也是节約鋼板的重要途径。用预应力鋼筋混凝土代替金属涡壳可以不用鋼板,但此方案目前仍受很多技术条件限制;且在相当高水头下此方案是不合适的。另一方案是带有金属衬
Turbine scroll casing is one of the largest components of the unit; metal scrolls are used for diversion in the middle of high-head (H≥50m) turbines. China will build a lot of huge hydropower plants. They are all high heads, such as Liujiaxia, Longwangmiao, and the world’s largest Three Gorges. The heads are more than 100 meters; and the capacity of the units (single units) is also very large. According to the Soviet Union (Sumgi) theory, the thickness of steel plates required for these power station metal scrolls is h=60 to 90 mm. The production of such rolled slabs, cold roll forming, and welding and assembly are all very difficult. Therefore, reducing the thickness of the scroll shell steel plate is an urgent problem to solve the production process, but also an important way to save the steel plate. The use of prestressed reinforced concrete instead of a metal scroll can eliminate the use of steel plates, but this solution is still limited by many technical conditions; and this solution is not suitable under very high heads. Another solution is with a metal liner