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1994年我国开始了外汇体制改革,促使1994、1995年我国的贸易进出口额大量增加国际收支出现持续顺差。至去年底,我国的外汇储备高达736亿美元,达到了历史最高水平。经济学学者们对我国1996年的外贸形势普遍看好,中央也制订了今年进出口总额实现2810亿美元的计划。但统计资料显示,1996年第一季度我国的进出口贸易状况不容乐观,尤其是出口有了很大滑坡。第一季度我国进出口总额为576.5亿美元,比去年同期上升5.1％,但出口额只有282.5亿美元,比去年同期下降8.7％,出现了11.5亿美元的贸易逆差,为什么第一季度我国的出口贸易呈下降趋势呢?究其原因在于:
In 1994, China began to reform the foreign exchange system, which prompted a substantial surplus in the balance of international trade in China’s trade in 1994 and 1995. At the end of last year, China’s foreign exchange reserves stood at 73.6 billion U.S. dollars, reaching its highest level in history. Scholars of economics are generally optimistic about China’s foreign trade situation in 1996. The central government has also formulated a plan to realize a total of 281 billion U.S. dollars worth of imports and exports this year. However, according to statistics, the import and export trade situation in China in the first quarter of 1996 was not optimistic. In particular, exports had a great decline. In the first quarter, China’s total import and export volume was US$57.65 billion, which was 5.1% higher than the same period of last year. However, the export volume was only US$ 28.25 billion, which was a decrease of 8.7% compared to the same period of last year. There was a US$ 1.15 billion trade deficit and why China’s exports were exported in the first quarter. The reason for the declining trend of trade lies in: