教材，即学生手中的课本。它是教学的基本工具，师生共同开垦的处女地，也是师生互动的纽带。学生由此获得知识，形成能力，提高素质，满足主体愿望；教师通过它实现素质教育的教学（传授知识、形成技能的双基教学）。教育（培养思想品德素质，教会怎样做人）和发展（能力培养? Textbooks, textbooks in the hands of students. It is the basic tool for teaching. The virgin land that teachers and students jointly open up is also the link between teachers and students. Students obtain knowledge, form their abilities, improve their qualities, and satisfy their aspirations; teachers use it to achieve the teaching of quality education (bidirectional teaching that imparts knowledge and forms skills). Education (cultivating ideological and moral qualities, how does the church behave) and development (capacity training?