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根据2012年6月-2013年10月对汀江大刺鳅国家级水产种质资源保护区4个采样江段的鱼类资源季节调查数据,分析了该保护区的鱼类群落结构及影响因子。调查共采集鱼类38种,隶属4目、12科30属;其中福建省保护动物大刺鳅(Mastacembelus armatus)1种,福建省特有种拟腹吸鳅(Pseudogastromyzon fasciatus)、圆斑拟腹吸鳅(Pseudogastromyzon cheni)、斑纹缨口鳅(Crossostoma stigmata)3种。采用Pinkas的IRI指数进行分析,保护区鱼类优势种有宽鳍鱲(Zacco platypus)、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)、鲇(Parasilurus asotus)、侧条厚唇鱼(Acrossoch eilus parallens)、泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)和大刺鳅等6种;鱼类生态类型以杂食性、底栖和山溪定居性为主。保护区上游鱼类多样性指数和物种丰富度指数高于下游。用pearson相关分析法,鱼类多样性指数与浮游动物多样性指数、河道变化、人类活动影响相关性显著。典范对应分析发现3个环境指标主要影响平鳍鳅科鱼类。
According to the seasonal survey data of fish resources in four sampled river sections of national level aquatic germplasm resources reserve of the Dingjiang River in June 2012-October 2013, the fish community structure and its influencing factors . A total of 38 species of fish were collected, belonging to 4 orders and 12 families and 30 genera. Among them, 1 species of protected animal Mastacembelus armatus, 1 species of Pseudogastromyzon fasciatus, Pseudogastromyzon cheni and Crossostoma stigmata. According to the analysis of Pinkas IRI index, the dominant fish species in the protected area are Zacco platypus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Parasilurus asotus, Acrossochilus parallens, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) and big loach (6 species). The ecological types of fish are omnivorous, benthic and stream habitat. The diversity of fish species and species richness index in the upper reaches of the reserve are higher than those in the lower reaches. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between fish diversity index and zooplankton diversity index, river change and human activities. Corresponding analysis of the model found that the three environmental indicators mainly affect the flat Cichlid family.