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为了解浙江省西门岛红树林沉积物的细菌分布与环境特征,2010年4月和11月,采集红树林(T1、T2站)和光滩(T3、T4站)中潮带0~2 cm、10 cm~12 cm和20 cm~22 cm层沉积物,培养计数异养细菌(HB)、反硝化细菌(DNB)、氨化细菌(AB)、无机磷细菌(IPB)和有机磷细菌(OPB);同时测定总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氧化还原电位(Eh)、硫化物(S)及油类(Oil)含量;进行站位聚类分析和细菌与环境因子的相关性分析。结果显示:5类细菌在20 cm以上沉积物中均有分布,但0~2 cm层数量明显高于10 cm~12 cm和20 cm~22 cm层;HB、IPB和OPB数量均值无明显季节差异,而DNB和AB数量呈现秋高春低。聚类结果显示:春季,T1和T4站的相似度最高(93.3%),秋季,T1和T2站的相似度最高(94.6%),即红树林区沉积物细菌群落未与光滩区形成稳定差异。环境因子中,TOC、TN和TP含量因充足而未对细菌生长产生限制;而Eh(p=0.002)和Oil(p=0.034)对细菌分布的影响显著。本文综合分析细菌数量和碳、氮、磷元素分布特征认为,西门岛红树林生态系统与我国大面积长时间自然生长的红树林生态系统仍存在差异。
In order to understand the bacterial distribution and environmental characteristics of mangroves sediments in Ximen Island, Zhejiang Province, tidal ranges of 0 ~ 2 cm and 10 of mangroves (T1 and T2) and Guangtan (T3 and T4) were collected in April and November 2010 (HB), denitrifying bacteria (DNB), ammonifying bacteria (AB), inorganic phosphorus bacteria (IPB) and organic phosphorus bacteria (OPB) (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), redox potential (Eh), sulfide (S) and oil content were measured at the same time. Correlation Analysis with Environmental Factors. The results showed that all the five kinds of bacteria were distributed in sediments above 20 cm, but the number of 0 ~ 2 cm layer was significantly higher than that of 10 cm ~ 12 cm and 20 cm ~ 22 cm. The mean number of HB, IPB and OPB had no obvious season Differences, while the number of DNB and AB presents autumn high spring low. The clustering results showed that the similarity between T1 and T4 was the highest in spring (93.3%) in spring and the highest similarity (94.6%) in autumn and T1 and T2, that is, the bacterial community in mangrove sediment did not form stable with Guangtan difference. Environmental factors, TOC, TN and TP content sufficient for bacterial growth without restrictions; and Eh (p = 0.002) and Oil (p = 0.034) on bacterial distribution significantly. Based on the analysis of the distribution of bacteria, carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, we think there are still differences between the mangroves ecosystem in Ximen Island and the mangrove ecosystems that grow naturally in large area for a long time in our country.