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目的探讨学生甲型H1N1流感感染的影响因素,为制定相应的预防控制措施提供依据。方法采用1∶2匹配的病例对照研究方法,对北京市昌平区学生甲型H1N1流感病例和所选对照进行回顾性问卷调查,对调查结果进行分析。结果单因素分析结果显示,教室人均面积、课间活动范围、教室通风状况、学校有专供学生洗手香皂、接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗、接种季节性流感疫苗和班级出现过流感样病例对学生甲型H1N1流感感染率影响有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗为保护因素(OR=0.01),班级内出现过流感样病例为危险因素(OR=1 222.95)。结论早期发现传染源并采取相应控制措施,同时加强学生免疫预防接种是控制甲型H1N1流感的关键。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of influenza A (H1N1) infection in students and provide evidences for the corresponding prevention and control measures. Methods A 1: 2 matching case-control study was conducted to investigate the cases of H1N1 influenza and the selected controls in Changping District, Beijing. The survey results were analyzed. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the per capita area of the classroom, the scope of activities in the classroom, the classroom ventilation, the school specifically for hand-washing students soap, influenza A H1N1 vaccination, seasonal influenza vaccination and class flu-like cases of student A Influenza H1N1 infection rate was statistically significant (P all <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that influenza A (H1N1) vaccination was a protective factor (OR = 0.01). Influenza-like illness was a risk factor in the class (OR = 1 222.95). Conclusion Early detection of infection and take appropriate control measures, while strengthening immunization vaccination of students is the key to control the influenza A H1N1 influenza.