中国近代建筑是指19世纪下半叶至20世纪上半叶大约一百年时间内,在中国产生的若干类新建筑的总称。这里,之所以使用“总称”一词,而不是把它叫做“新建筑体系”,是因为这一百余年间的中国建筑实在可谓多种多样、多元并存,各种建筑流派、思潮和形制竞相争艳,以致笔者认为用“体系”一词未必很确切,而且也不能表达中国近代建筑多姿多采的缤纷面貌。 1840年的鸦片战争,英国人用坚船利炮轰开了中国闭关锁国的大门。自此,中国步入了饱受列强凌辱的百年近代史。在这 Modern architecture in China refers to the general designation of several new types of buildings in China during the first half of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century. Here, the term “general term” is used instead of the term “new construction system” because the Chinese architecture in this century-long period can be described as diverse and diverse, with various architectural schools, thoughts, and forms. As a result of competition, the author believes that the term “system” may not be exact, and it cannot express the colorful features of modern Chinese architecture. In the Opium War of 1840, the British opened the door to China’s closed doors and locked up the country with gunboats. Since then, China has entered a centuries-old history that has been humiliated by the great powers. At this