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基于椒江流域沙段和柏枝岙水文站1958-2013年实测径流量和输沙率资料,采用水文学和数理统计等方法,分析椒江流域始丰溪和永安溪入海水沙通量变化特征及相互关系,并对气候和人类因素影响进行讨论。研究结果表明:始丰溪和永安溪的水沙通量具有明显的年际变化和年内变化,水通量变化相对稳定,沙通量变幅大于水通量,始丰溪变幅大于永安溪;椒江洪枯季流量悬殊,洪峰暴涨暴落,梅汛期和台汛期是主要输水时期,台汛期是主要输沙时期;始丰溪和永安溪水沙通量之间具有较好的峰谷对应关系;椒江流域径流变化主要受降雨量控制,而输沙量变化还受其它因素影响;受人类活动影响,始丰溪和永安溪的水沙关系发生多次改变,突变时间与人类活动吻合;里石门水库的建成和运行,对始丰溪径流起到了调节作用,水沙通量年内分配趋于均匀。
Based on the measured data of runoff and sediment transport from 1958 to 2013 at the sand section of Jiaojiang River Basin and Bozhiling Hydrological Station, hydrological and mathematical statistics methods were used to analyze the characteristics of water and sediment fluxes from Shifeng Creek and Yong’an Creek to the sea in Jiaojiang River Basin. Interrelationships, and discuss the implications of climate and human factors. The results show that: the water and sediment fluxes of Shifengxi and Yong’anxi have obvious interannual and annual variation, the change of water flux is relatively stable, the variation of sand flux is greater than that of water flux, and the change of Shifengxi is larger than that of Yong’an Stream ; Flood season Jiaojiang flood disparity, the peak swelled violently, plum flood period and Taiwan flood season is the main period of water, flood season is the main sediment transport period; Shifengxi and Yong Anxi water and sand flux has a good relationship between peak and valley . The runoff change of Jiaojiang River Basin is mainly controlled by rainfall, while the change of sediment discharge is also affected by other factors. Due to the influence of human activities, the relationship between water and sediment of Shifeng River and Yong’an River has changed many times, and the mutation time coincides with human activities. The completion and operation of the reservoir played a regulatory role in the runoff of Shifeng Stream, and the distribution of water and sediment flux tends to be uniform throughout the year.