明末清初中国的翻译活动掀起了翻译历史上的第二次高潮,加快了中国近代化进程。西方传教士选择的“文化适应”策略以及中国士大夫坚持的会通—超胜的翻译原则旨在消除文化差异,寻找文化认同,没有最大程度地凸显两种文化的本质内涵。真正的文化交流中两种文化应是“我—你”关系,而不应是“我—他”或者“我—它”关系。这对当前以及今后的翻译实践有重要的指导意义。 China’s translation activities in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty set off the second peak in translation history and accelerated the process of China’s modernization. The strategy of “cultural adaptation” chosen by Western missionaries and the association between Chinese literati and Chinese scholars - The principle of transcendence translates into eliminating cultural differences and seeking cultural identity without highlighting the essence of the two cultures to the greatest extent. The two cultures in a real cultural exchange should be “I-you” rather than “I-him” or “I-it”. This has important guiding significance for the current and future translation practice.