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目的探究不同饮用水体内外抗氧化能力差异及可能机制。方法测定纯净水、自来水及矿泉水的水质情况:钙、镁、氯化物、硫酸盐及硝酸盐含量;通过羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基、DPPH自由基清除实验检测3种饮用水体外抗氧化能力;取60只清洁级ICR小鼠随机分为3组,每组20只,雌雄各半,分别用纯净水(对照组)、自来水及矿泉水喂养,90 d后测定小鼠脑、心脏、肝脏、肾脏的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、抑制羟自由基能力、丙二醛(MDA)含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性。结果 3种饮用水钙、镁含量:矿泉水>自来水>纯净水,而氯化物、硫酸盐及硝酸盐含量:自来水>矿泉水>纯净水。自来水、矿泉水羟自由基清除率[分别为(45.60±6.69)、(55.78±3.85)%]和超氧阴离子自由基清除率[分别为(16.62±7.50)、(17.24±6.46)%],明显高于纯净水(38.37±5.13)%和(0.26±4.29)%,且矿泉水羟自由基清除率还明显高于自来水,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。自来水组、矿泉水组肾脏T-AOC[分别为(4.33±1.28)、(4.43±0.74)U/mg prot]、抑制羟自由基能力[分别为(51.43±15.27)、(59.13±10.74)U/mg prot]、CAT[分别为(134.78±22.34)、(156.46±19.81)U/mg prot]、GSH-Px[分别为(92.53±14.88)、(97.16±19.86)U/mg prot]明显升高而MDA含量[分别为(1.75±0.26)、(1.63±0.20)nmol/mg prot]明显降低,相比于纯净水组[依次为(2.20±0.37)、(29.22±5.72)、(75.59±6.84)、(44.93±12.82)U/mg prot和(2.20±0.27)nmol/mg prot],且矿泉水组T-SOD[(148.31±21.47)U/mg prot]还明显高于纯净水组[(113.99±15.25)U/mg prot],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论自来水或矿泉水的体外及肾脏抗氧化能力优于纯净水,其中矿泉水可能更优。
Objective To investigate the differences in antioxidant capacity of different drinking water in vitro and in vivo and its possible mechanism. Methods The water quality of purified water, tap water and mineral water were determined: the content of calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate and nitrate; the in vitro resistance of three kinds of drinking water was detected by hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical scavenging assay Sixty clean ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups of 20 mice each with half male and female respectively. The mice were fed with pure water (control group), tap water and mineral water respectively. After 90 days, the mice brain and heart (T-AOC), hydroxyl radical inhibition ability, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) , Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity. Results Three kinds of drinking water calcium and magnesium content: mineral water> tap water> pure water, and chloride, sulfate and nitrate content: tap water> mineral water> pure water. (45.60 ± 6.69), (55.78 ± 3.85)%] and superoxide anion free radical scavenging rate in tap water and mineral water [(16.62 ± 7.50) and (17.24 ± 6.46)%, respectively] (38.37 ± 5.13)% and (0.26 ± 4.29)% respectively, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of mineral water was also significantly higher than that of tap water. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The T-AOC of renal tissue in tap water group and mineral water group were (4.33 ± 1.28) and (4.43 ± 0.74) U / mg prot, respectively, and the ability of inhibiting hydroxyl radical were 51.43 ± 15.27 and 59.13 ± 10.74 U / mg prot], CAT [(134.78 ± 22.34), (156.46 ± 19.81) U / mg prot] and GSH-Px [92.53 ± 14.88 and 97.16 ± 19.86, respectively] (2.20 ± 0.37), (29.22 ± 5.72) and (75.59 ±), respectively, compared with pure water group (1.75 ± 0.26, 1.63 ± 0.20, nmol / 6.84), (44.93 ± 12.82) U / mg prot and (2.20 ± 0.27) nmol / mg prot], respectively, and T-SOD in the mineral water group was significantly higher than that of the pure water group (148.31 ± 21.47 U / mg prot) (113.99 ± 15.25) U / mg prot], the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Tap water or mineral water in vitro and kidney antioxidant capacity is better than pure water, mineral water may be better.