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目的了解重庆市农村居民慢性非传染性疾病(慢性病)相关知识、信念与态度,为开展慢性病防控工作提供参考。方法 2012年3—6月采用分层整群抽样的方法选择农村居民1 528名,均≥18岁。所有调查员经统一培训考核合格后参与现场调查工作。调查内容包括农村居民有关盐与健康的知识、信念与态度、接受医疗卫生服务情况及健康指标知晓情况。所有数据采用EpiData3.02进行双录入,比对后采用SPSS12.0进行统计描述分析。结果 47.9%的居民认为多吃盐会影响健康,20.0%的居民认为多吃盐会加重高血压,83.2%的居民愿意少吃盐。分别有48.3%、42.7%、82.7%的居民从未测量过体重、血压与血糖,84.5%的居民未接受过体检,体质指数、身高、体重、腰围、血压、血糖知晓率分别为1.9%、17.0%、22.8%、6.4%、57.3%与17.6%。高血压与糖尿病知晓率分别为了12.8%与1.9%,高血压与糖尿病治疗率分别为10.1%与1.6%。结论农村居民慢性病防治知识与健康意识缺乏,应加强健康教育工作,普及慢性病防治知识,提高卫生服务的可及性。
Objective To understand the knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) among rural residents in Chongqing and provide reference for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods From January to June in 2012, stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1 528 rural residents, all of whom were ≥18 years old. After all the investigators passed the unified training examination, they participated in the on-the-spot investigation. The survey included information on rural residents about salt and health, beliefs and attitudes, access to health services and health indicators. All data using EpiData3.02 double entry, after comparison using SPSS12.0 statistical description analysis. Results 47.9% of residents think eating more salt will affect their health, 20% of residents think that eating more salt will aggravate hypertension, 83.2% of residents would like to eat less salt. Residents of 48.3%, 42.7% and 82.7%, respectively, never measured body weight, blood pressure and blood sugar, while 84.5% of the residents did not receive physical examination. The body mass index, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure and blood sugar awareness were 1.9% 17.0%, 22.8%, 6.4%, 57.3% and 17.6%. The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes were 12.8% and 1.9% respectively, and hypertension and diabetes were 10.1% and 1.6% respectively. Conclusion There is a lack of awareness of chronic disease prevention and treatment in rural areas. Health education should be strengthened to popularize chronic disease prevention and control knowledge and improve access to health services.