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目的探讨外周血CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25highTreg)表达及转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)水平在壹期煤工尘肺(CWP)中的变化及临床意义.方法采用流式细胞术和双抗体夹心ELISA法检测42例单纯壹期CWP患者(CWP组)、39例壹期CWP并发症患者(CWP并发症组)、41例具有与CWP组相同接尘条件的井下接尘矿工(接尘对照组)及38例井上健康查体人员(正常对照组)外周血CD4+CD25highTreg及血清TGF-β1水平.结果与正常对照和接尘对照组比较,CWP及其并发症组CD4+CD25highTreg水平均升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);CWP组TGF-β1水平高于正常对照组和CWP并发症组,差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05);CWP组吸烟者CD4+CD25highTreg水平高于非吸烟者,差异有统计学意义(P0.05).CWP组CD4+CD25highTreg与TGF-β1水平不相关(r=0.165,P=0.527).结论壹期CWP患者外周血CD4+CD25high调节性T细胞表达和血清TGF-β1水平升高,可能参与CWP的发生发展过程;血清TGF-β1水平可能与疾病严重程度有关,吸烟可影响CD4+CD25highTreg表达.“,”Objective To explore the changes of peripheral blood CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells(CD4+CD25highTreg)and serum transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)levels in the patients with stage Ⅰ coal worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP)and its significance.Methods The levels of peripheral blood CD4+CD25highTreg and serum TGF-β1 were determined in 42 stage Ⅰ CWP patients(CWP group),39 stage Ⅰ CWP with complications patients(complication group),41 miners(dust exposed control group)and 38 healthy controls by flow cytometry and sandwich ELISA.Results The results showed that compared with healthy control and dust exposed control groups,the levels of CD4+CD25highTreg were significantly higher in CWP and CWP with complications groups(P<0.01),the level of TGF-β1 in CWP was also higher than that of healthy control and CWP with complications groups(P<0.05).In CWP group,the CD4+CD25highTreg level in smoking patiens was significantly higher than that of non-smoking patients(P0.05)and obvious correlation(r=0.165,P=0.527).Conclusion The results suggested that the levels of peripheral blood CD4+CD25highTreg and serum TGF-β1 were increased in stage Ⅰ CWP patients,which may involve in the developing process of CWP;besides,serum TGF-β1 levels in CWP may be related to the severity degree of CWP and smoking may influence the expression of CD4+CD25highTreg.