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融雪径流模拟是干旱区水文水资源研究的热点问题,对干旱区春季融雪洪水风险评估和流域水资源管理至关重要。结合文献查询及资料分析,重点讨论了不同类型融雪径流模型的特征和发展情况,比较了不同融雪径流模型在干旱区一些典型河流的应用情况,并对其功能及优缺点进行了评估。结合对目前流域融雪径流模拟研究中存在的问题的分析,提出未来融雪径流模拟要注重提高数据分辨率的观点。借助多源遥感数据驱动获取更为精确的输入数据,在数据获取难度减小、精度提高的基础上山区融雪径流模拟将更多地以基于能量平衡的物理性模拟为主。模型的构建要充分考虑由气候变暖所带来的其它参数的变化,精确描述山区融雪过程,以提高对融雪径流的模拟精度。
Snowmelt runoff simulation is a hot issue in the research of arid area hydrology and water resources, and it is very important to evaluate the spring snowmelt flood risk assessment and basin water resources management in arid area. Combined with literature search and data analysis, the characteristics and development of different types of snowmelt runoff models are discussed in detail. The application of different snowmelt runoff models to some typical rivers in arid regions is compared, and their functions, advantages and disadvantages are evaluated. Based on the analysis of the existing problems in the simulating runoff snowmelt runoff simulation in the current basin, it is proposed that the simulation of future snowmelt runoff should focus on improving the data resolution. Based on multi-source remote sensing data to obtain more accurate input data, based on the reduction of data acquisition difficulty and accuracy, the snowmelt runoff simulation in mountainous area will be more based on the physical simulation based on energy balance. The construction of the model should fully consider the changes of other parameters caused by climate warming, and accurately describe the snowmelt process in the mountain so as to improve the accuracy of snowmelt runoff simulation.