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小儿从出生到长大成人,处于不断生长发育过程中,西医认为小儿生理机制有如下特点:①呼吸系统防御机制不完善,具有鼻咽腔较短,鼻道狭窄,鼻黏膜柔嫩;气管缺乏弹性,黏膜纤毛运动差等特点,容易发生呼吸系统疾病。②消化系统薄弱,食管缺乏腺体、弹力纤维和肌层发育不全;胃黏膜血管丰富,但分泌的盐酸和各种酶均比成人少;肠管长、肠壁薄,易引起腹泻。③小儿肾脏相对较大,下端位置较低,肾孟及输尿管比较宽,管壁肌肉及弹力纤维发育不完全,
Pediatric from birth to grown up, in the process of continuous growth and development, Western medicine that children have the following physiological characteristics: ① respiratory system imperfections, with short nasopharyngeal, nasal stenosis, nasal mucosa tenderness; lack of tracheal flexibility , Poor mucociliary movement and other characteristics, prone to respiratory diseases. ② weak digestive system, esophageal lack of glands, elastic fibers and muscular dysplasia; gastric mucosal vascular rich, but the secretion of hydrochloric acid and various enzymes than adults less; intestinal long, thin intestinal wall, easily lead to diarrhea. ③ relatively large pediatric kidneys, the lower end of the lower kidney and ureter is relatively wide, wall muscle and elastic fiber development is not complete,