自然主义原本是一个哲学概念,在19世纪中期才被引入文学界,19世纪末期传入美国文坛。在其发展过程中,德莱塞成了美国自然主义文学的杰出代表。他的小说《嘉莉妹妹》就是自然主义写作的成功之作,小说的出版也为美国文学开创了一个新的时代。他的小说通过描写嘉莉为满足欲望需求而走向迷失和赫斯特伍德自取灭亡的过程,彰显了德莱塞把客观现实作为创作最高手法的自然主义小说观。本文以作品为基础,力图从理论层面分析德莱塞的自然主义小说观。 Naturalism was originally a philosophical concept that was introduced into the literary world only in the mid-19th century and was introduced to the American literary world in the late 19th century. In its development, Dreiser became an outstanding representative of the naturalistic literature in the United States. His novel Sister Carrie is the success of naturalistic writing. The publication of the novel has also opened up a new era for American literature. His novel, by describing Carrie’s loss of desire and desire to satisfy his desires, and Hurstwood’s self-destructive process, demonstrate Dreiser’s naturalistic fictional view of objective reality as the supreme creative approach. Based on the works, this thesis attempts to analyze Dreiser’s naturalist novels from a theoretical perspective.