神经管畸形(neural tube defects,NTDs)是一类常见的发病率高且后果严重的出生缺陷,为影响我国出生人口素质的重要问题。目前,其大部分研究内容依靠动物模型来完成。神经管畸形动物模型的建立对研究其发病机制及其防治起着重要作用。本文从物理和化学两方面因素对神经管畸形动物模型诱导方法及其机制作一综述。 Neural tube defects (NTDs) are a common type of birth defects with high incidence and serious consequences, which are important problems that affect the quality of the birth population in our country. At present, most of its research depends on animal models. The establishment of animal model of neural tube defects plays an important role in studying its pathogenesis and prevention. This article reviewed the methods and mechanisms of neural tube defects induced animal models from both physical and chemical aspects.