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目的分析2003年-2015年住院儿童的病死率、死亡疾病谱及变化趋势,为制定科学有效的儿童卫生保健措施提供参考资料。方法回顾性分析2003年-2015年期间14岁及以下住院儿童病案首页信息。结果2003年-2015年共收治儿童331 694例,其中死亡11 19例,总病死率为3.37‰,各年病死率呈下降趋势。新生儿病死率显著高于其他年龄组。死亡原因构成前3位为起源于围生期疾病、呼吸系统疾病、先天性畸形和染色体异常。不同年龄组儿童死亡原因构成不同。结论降低住院儿童病死率的关键是加强高危产妇筛查及监护、做好围生期保健工作、积极防治上呼吸道感染、提高医务人员抢救水平。根据不同年龄组疾病特点,采取科学有效的防治措施。
Objective To analyze the case fatality rate, death disease spectrum and change trend of hospitalized children from 2003 to 2015 and provide reference materials for the development of scientific and effective child health care measures. Methods A retrospective analysis of the first page of medical records of hospitalized children aged 14 and below between 2003 and 2015 was conducted. Results A total of 331 694 children were admitted between 2003 and 2015, of which 11 19 were dead, with a total case fatality rate of 3.37 ‰. The case fatality rate showed a decreasing trend in each year. Neonatal mortality was significantly higher than other age groups. The top three causes of death are those caused by perinatal diseases, respiratory diseases, congenital malformations and chromosomal abnormalities. The causes of death among children of different age groups are different. Conclusion The key to reduce the mortality rate of hospitalized children is to strengthen screening and guarding of high-risk maternal, do well in perinatal health care, actively prevent upper respiratory tract infection and improve the rescue level of medical staff. According to disease characteristics of different age groups, to take scientific and effective control measures.